Difference Between RAM & ROM |

What Is RAM And ROM? 

The RAM  which is known as Random Access Memory which is the main working memory used by the computer while other is ROM known as Read Only Memory which is a special type of memory that keeps the software which can only read but cannot write.

Now let's learn more information about RAM.

RAM: Random Access Memory 

Random access memory is volatile memory. In this the data gets lost once the power is switch off. This is different from non volatile memory such as Hard disk and flash memory, which do not require a power to retain data. When a computer shuts down properly then all data located in random access memory is transferred to Hard disk or flash drive. Random access memory is categorized by architecture and speed. RAM chips become faster and use new standards to match with compatible motherboard. The motherboard will only support certain types of random access memory and it will also have a limit as to the amount of RAM it can support. The RAM is a volatile memory and it's access fast data. It can read and write. But it's stores information temporarily.

There are many types of RAM. Some of the are as follows:-

• Dynamic RAM
• Static RAM
• FPM RAM
• EDO DRAM
• SDDRAM
• RDRAM
• VRAM

The Main Two Types of RAM Are:-

Dynamic RAM

This kind of RAM is the most commonly used kind of RAM due to its low cost. Basically dynamic RAM consists of a capacitor and a transistor. The capacitor can either be charged (bit=1) or discharged (bit=0). The transistor to is used to either read the current capacitor state, or changes the state to charged (1) or discharged (0). Whenever you store a bit of information in a dynamic RAM location, that information is slowly lost. This is because a capacitor is not a perfect storage device. 

Static RAM

With static RAM, a flip-flop is used to create a memory cell. A flip-flop is a series to f 4 transistors interconnected in such a way that circuit is either on (1) or off (0). Since this is an active circuit made up from transistors, the memory never needs to be refreshed. Unfortunately, the extra transistors needed to make static RAM chips means it takes up more space, which in turns makes it more expensive. Therefore static RAM is generally reserved for use only when absolutely necessary, such as for storing your computer's BIOS settings, or for acting as a local cache buffer between the CPU and the rest of Dynamic RAM. 

ROM:- Read Only Memory 

ROM is an integrated memory chip that contains configuration data. It's programming is fully fixed into the ROM chip. So ROM is considered as hardware as well as software.

A ROM is a non volatile memory as data stored in it will not be lost when power is switched off. This type of memory helps to store the data needed to start up the computer. As ROMs are slower than RAMs, the instructions given in the ROMs are sometimes copied to the RAM at start-up. It is one of the main types of memory that is used in PCs. ROM is a type of memory that can only read and cannot write. There are two main reasons that read only memory is used for certain functions within the PC. 

Read only memory is most commonly used to store system level programs that we want to have available to the PC at all times. The most common example is BIOS ROM. The uses of ROM is:-

• ROM is used in all computers
• Stores system level programs
• ROM is found on all motherboards
• It is used in graphics cards and expansion cards

The ROM is a non volatile memory and the data remains permanent inside ROM. 

Types Of ROM

PROM

This is a special form of ROM that chips manufacturers use to create ROM chips. A PROM chip can have code installed exactly one time. Generally when gettya chip manufacturers to build custom ROM chips, they will use a generic PROM chip and download the information to it in a large production run. There are many PROM burners, or PROMS Programmers, available on the market for building ROM chips to be used for testing and design purposes.

EPROM

This special kind of ROM chip can be erased by exposing a small window on the chip to ultraviolet light, which clears the contents of the EPROM. It takes about 2 weeks of sitting in a brightly lit kitchen window to erase an EPROM. 

EEPROM

This is also an erasable kind of ROM. It is sometimes called a flash ROM chip. In the case, erasing the ROM is accomplished electronically instead of using ultraviolet light. Many newer computer systems use the kind of memory to hold the BIOS code. 

Conclusion

We learn the difference between RAM and ROM. Types of RAM and types of ROM. And the full information of RAM and ROM. Thank you for reading this...

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