Natural Disasters|how the tsunami occurs|Drought And What to do during tsunami and drought

Tsunami 

Tsunami

The term "Tsunami" has been coined from Japanese words 'tsu' meaning harbour and 'name' meaning waves. Tsunami are huge waves generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or under water landslides which devastate the coastal communities. Tsunami caused by nearby earthquakes may reach the coast within minutes.When the waves enter shallow water, they may rise to several feet or, in rare cases, tens of feets, striking the coats with a devastating force. The tsunami danger period can continue for many hours after a major earthquake.Tsunami can move at 50 km per hour on coastal plain, faster than a person can run.

What to do BEFORE Tsunami?

1. Discuss about tsunamis with your family.
2. Plan evacuation routes from your home, school, work place or any other place you could be in where tsunamis present a risk.
3. Find out if your home, school, work place, or other frequently visited locations are in tsunami hazard prone areas.

What to do DURING a Tsunami?

1. If you are at home and hear a tsunami warning, you should make sure your entire family is aware of the warning. Your family should evacuate the house if you live in a tsunami prone area. Evacuate to a safe elevated area and move in an orderly, calm manner to the evacuation site.
2. Take your Disaster supplies kit. Having supplies will make you more comfortable during the evacuation.
3. If you are at the beach or near the ocean and you feel Earth shake, then instantly move to higher ground, do not wait for Tsunami warning.
4. Update yourself on emergency information or warning announced on radio and television from time to time.

What to do AFTER Tsunami?

1. Continue using a radio or television for updated emergency information. The Tsunami may have damaged roads, bridges, or other places that may be unsafe.
2. Check yourself for injuries and get first aid if necessary before helping injured persons.
3. Help people who require special assistance - infants(👶), elderly people, those without transportation, large families who may need additional help in an emergency situation, people with disabilities.
4. Stay out of a building if water remains around it. Tsunami water, like floodwater, can undermine foundation, causing buildings to sink, floors to crack, or walls to collapse.
5. Watch out for wild animals because tsunami floodwater flushes snakes and animals out of their homes.

Drought

Drought

Drought is basically a disaster situation caused by lack of rainfall. The deficiency in rainfall is defined as meteorological drought. While in a year, there may be normal rainfall, there might be a wide gap separating two consecutive spells of rain, resulting in crop failure which is termed as agricultural drought. Thus, the quantum as well as the distribution of rainfall are important. Excess or deficient rainfall is determined by the percent variation from to the average rainfall (of 70-100 years) as follows:

Excess:+20percent or more of the average rainfall

Normal: +19percent to -19 percent of the average rainfall

Deficient: -20% to -59% of the average rainfall

Scanty: -60% or less of the average rainfall

Impact of drought

There is a sequential impact of drought:

• Scarcity of drinking water; fall in water table.
• Scarcity of food grains.
• Loss if cattle life.
• Scarcity of fodder.
• I'll health and spread of diseases like diarrhoea, dysentery or cholera and opthalmia caused by starvation.
• Migration of people in search of employment.

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